An examination of the effects of industrial effluents on surface water quality in Agbara Local Government Area, Ogun State
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Background of the Study
Industrial effluents, discharged from manufacturing processes, have become a major source of water pollution in many urban and peri-urban areas. In Agbara Local Government Area, Ogun State, untreated or inadequately treated industrial wastes are often released into nearby water bodies, severely impacting surface water quality (Balogun, 2023). These effluents contain hazardous chemicals, heavy metals, and organic pollutants that compromise the safety of water used for domestic and agricultural purposes (Akinyele, 2024). The contamination of surface water has led to a decline in aquatic biodiversity and increased health risks among local populations. While government policies exist to regulate industrial waste disposal, enforcement remains inconsistent, and technological limitations hinder effective treatment processes (Olatunji, 2025). This study investigates the extent of water quality degradation due to industrial effluents in Agbara, employing field sampling and laboratory analysis to quantify pollutant levels. By linking industrial activity with water quality data, the research aims to provide robust evidence for policy interventions and improved environmental management practices (Balogun, 2023).
Statement of the Problem
Surface water in Agbara is increasingly compromised by industrial effluents, leading to environmental and public health concerns. Ineffective treatment of industrial wastes and weak regulatory enforcement have resulted in the discharge of toxic substances into water bodies, posing risks to aquatic life and community health (Akinyele, 2024). This study seeks to determine the key pollutants, assess their concentrations, and evaluate the overall impact on water quality. Addressing these issues is essential for improving environmental management and safeguarding public health (Olatunji, 2025).
Objectives of the Study:
To evaluate the quality of surface water in Agbara.
To identify the pollutants originating from industrial effluents.
To recommend measures for improving water treatment and regulatory oversight.
Research Questions:
What is the extent of water quality degradation in Agbara?
Which industrial pollutants are most prevalent in surface water?
What strategies can improve effluent treatment and water quality?
Research Hypotheses:
H1: Industrial effluents significantly degrade surface water quality in Agbara.
H2: Heavy metals are the predominant pollutants affecting water safety.
H3: Improved regulatory enforcement will enhance water quality.
Significance of the Study
This study provides critical insights into the impact of industrial effluents on surface water quality, offering practical recommendations for regulatory and treatment improvements. The findings will support environmental protection efforts, safeguard public health, and contribute to the sustainable management of water resources in Agbara (Balogun, 2023; Olatunji, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to the effects of industrial effluents on surface water quality in Agbara Local Government Area, Ogun State. The study does not address groundwater or other forms of water pollution.
Definitions of Terms:
Industrial Effluents: Wastewater discharged from industrial processes.
Surface Water: Water found in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs.
Pollutants: Substances that cause contamination and environmental harm.
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